Paediatrics mcqs with answers set 1

1.The protective effects of breast milk are known to be associated with:
A. IgM antibodies
B. Lysozyme
C. Mast cells
D. IgA antibodies
Correct answer : D. IgA antibodies
Although breast milk contains both breast milk and antibodies; antibodies play the major role in providing immunity. Breast fed babies have lower incidence of diarrhoea, otitis media, pneumonia, bacteremia and meningitis.

2.All of the following therapies may be required in a 1 hour old infant with severe birth asphyxia except:
A. Glucose
B. Dexamethasone
C. Calcium gluconate
D. Normal saline
Correct answer : B. Dexamethasone
Steroids should not be used in management of infants with asphyxia.

3 The karyotype of a patient with Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome is:
A. 46XX
B. 46XY
C. 47XXY
D. 45XO
Correct answer : B. 46XY
Androgen insensitivity is seen in genetic males (XY) who exhibit a female phenotype.

4. Which one of the following drugs is used for fetal therapy of congenital adrenal hyperplasia?
A. Hydrocortisone
B. Prednisolone
C. Fludrocortisone
D. Dexamethasone
Correct answer : D. Dexamethasone
Dexamethasone acts by suppressing the secretion of steroids by fetal adrenals.

5. Blood specimen for neonatal thyroid screening is obtained on:
A. Cord blood
B. 24 hours after birth
C. 48 hours after birth
D. 72 hours after birth
Correct answer : A. Cord blood

6. The appropriate approach to a neonate presenting with vaginal bleeding on day 4 or life is:
A. Administration of vitamin K
B. Investigation for bleeding disorder
C. No specific therapy
D. Administration of 10 ml/kg of fresh frozen plasma over 4 hours
Correct answer : C. No specific therapy
Vaginal bleeding can occur in 3rd – 7th day after birth. It occurs due to withdrawal of maternal hormones. It usually subsides in 2-3 days. No specific treatment is required.

7. In unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia, the risk of kernicterus increases with the use of:
A. Ceftriaxone
B. Phenobarbitone
C. Ampicillin
D. Sulphonamide
Correct answer : D. Sulphonamide
Sulphonamide can displace bilirubin from albumin.

8. The following bacteria are most often associated with acute neonatal meningitis except:
A. Escherichia coli
B. Streptococcus agalactiae
C. Neisseria meningitidis
D. Listeria monocytogenes
Correct answer : C. Neisseria meningitidis
Meningitis by Neisseria meningitidis is seen in 2months-12 years of age.

9. Which one of the following is the most common cause of congenital hydrocephalus?
A. Craniosynostosis
B. Intra uterine meningitis
C. Aqueductal stenosis
D. Malformations of great vein of Galen
Correct answer : C. Aqueductal stenosis

10. The most common malignant neoplasm of infancy is:
A. Malignant teratoma
B. Neuroblastoma
C. Wilms’ tumor
D. Hepatoblastoma
Correct answer : B. Neuroblastoma