FCPS part 1 Medicine solved mcqs with explanation
Q4: Captopril causes:
a) Hyperkalemia
b) Hypernatremia
c) Hypokalemia
d) Hypercalcemia
Correct Answer: a
Explanation:
Captopril is one of the ACEI
(Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor). Major side effects of ACEIs are
cough (due to increased levels of bradykinin), angioedema, hyperkalemia ,proteinuria.
Hyperkalemia with ACEI therapy
occurs because:
Renin-Angiotensin system is a potent
stimulator of aldosterone release. Aldosterone inturn conserves sodium &
increases the excretion of potassium. With ACEIs, the rennin-angiotensin system
is inhibited, so is aldosterone secretion, resulting in low plasma levels of
aldosterone. Low aldosterone prevents the excretion of potassium, which builds
up in body resulting in hyperkalemia.
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