A patient has fracture of surgical
neck of humerus. Now he cannot raise his arm above his shoulder and also has
sensory loss on lateral surface of arm. Which of the following nerves is
damaged?
a) Musculocutaneous nerve
b) Axillary nerve
c) Radial nerve
d) Ulnar nerve
Correct Answer: b
Explanation:
The Axillary Nerve comes off the
posterior cord of brachial plexus and has a root value of C5 & C6. During
its course it is accompanied by the posterior circumflex humeral artery and
vein.
Motor Supply: Deltoid muscle
(abductor at the shoulder joint), Teres Minor muscle
Sensory Supply: Skin over the lower
half of deltoid muscle, shoulder joint
The nerve most commonly damaged due
to fracture of surgical neck of humerus is the Axillary nerve. It is a very
commonly tested nerve. Commit it to memory. It supplies the major abductor
(unable to raise the arm above the head) of the arm – Deltoid muscle. Also
there is loss of sensation from the lower half of skin covering the deltoid
(lateral aspect of arm).
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