Kidney MCQs Past papers MBBS

1.     Which medication is most likely to produce inflammation of

the bladder?

A.   alpha-methyldopa

B.   cyclophosphamide (*)

C.   gentamicin

D.   penicillin

E.   simvastatin

2.   Which is most likely to cause a false-positive test for the

presence of glucose in the urine?

A.   hypochlorite bleach (*)

B.   L-dopa

C.   megadose vitamin C

D.   renal glycosuria

E.   zinc administration for the common cold

3.   The familiar "coffin lid" crystals in urine are composed of:

A.   calcium oxalate

B.   cysteine

C.   magnesium ammonium phosphate (*)

D.   tyrosine

E.   uric acid

4.   What's a reasonable "upper limit for normal" for a count of

red cells in the urinary sediment?

A.   there should be none at all

B.   2 per high power field (*)

C.   6 per high power field

D.   50 per high power field

E.   all that matters is whether you see red cell casts

5.   Acute mercury poisoning will most severely damage which

portion of the kidney?

A.   glomerular capillary endothelium

B.   glomerular podocytes

C.   proximal tubule (*)

D.   renal medullary structures

E.   renal pelvis where urine is concentrated

6.   Amyloid in the kidney is most likely to declare itself first

by causing

A.   acute renal shutdown

B.   heavy proteinuria (*)

C.   red cell casts

D.   renal glycosuria

E.   hypertension

7.   In bacterial endocarditis, you are most likely to see what

pattern of immune complex

deposition?

A.   coarsely granular (*)

B.   finely granular

C.   linear

D.   mesangial

E.   vessel walls only

8.   In Henoch-Schonlein purpura with severe renal involvement

and crescentic glomerulonephritis,

the crescents themselves are most likely to stain positive for:

A.   C3 but not C4 as this is alternate-pathway

B.   fibrin (*)

C.   IgA

D.   IgE

E.   IgM

9.   Which is a risk factor for both renal cell carcinoma and

transitional carcinoma of the renal

pelvis and bladder?

A.   alcohol abuse

B.   dye industry job

C.   mercury diuretics

D.   tobacco smoking (*)

E.   von Hippel-Lindau

10.  Which glomerular lesion tends to become superimposed on most

other kidney diseases as

renal function begins to fail?

A.   diffuse glomerulosclerosis

B.   diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis

C.   focal-segmental glomerulosclerosis (*)

D.   segmental necrotizing glomerulonephritis

E.   wire-loop nephritis

11.  Which is NOT a risk factor for acute pyelonephritis?

A.   diabetes mellitus

B.   nephrolithiasis

C.   prostatism

D.   simple cysts (*)

E.   ureterovesical reflux

12.  Patients with von Gierke's glycogen storage disease, or with

Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, are likely

to suffer kidney damage due to

A.   accumulation of storage product

B.   autoimmune interstitial nephritis

C.   immune complex deposition

D.   uric acid deposition (*)

E.   vascular stenosis

13.  What is "Bright's riddle"?

A.   Why do most immune complex deposits appear on the far side

of the GBM, away from

where we'd think they formed?

B.   Why do patients with finely-granular kidneys tend to have

(*) hypertrophied hearts?

C.   Why do patients with one narrow renal artery tend to be

hypertensive and have a finely-

granular kidney on the opposite side?

D.   Why is the excretion of urine so closely associated

anatomically with the sex organs?

E.   Why would "bright" people try to ride a mechanical bull when

they're drunk?

14.  Very large subendothelial immune complex deposits suggest:

A.   Goodpasture's disease

B.   dense deposit disease

C.   diabetes

D.   lupus (*)

E.   shock kidney

15.  "Masugi nephritis" is the classic animal model for

A.   acute tubular necrosis

B.   autoimmune interstitial nephritis

C.   anti-GBM disease (*)

D.   membranous glomerulopathy

E.   post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis

16.  Which is LEAST LIKELY to develop into malignant

hypertension?

A.   cocaine abuse

B.   hemolytic-uremic syndrome

C.   medullary sponge kidney (*)

D.   neglected "benign" high blood pressure

E.   scleroderma

17.  Finely-granular immune complex deposits around the TUBULES

is most suggestive of:

A.   acute tubular necrosis

B.   hemolytic-uremic syndrome

C.   lupus (*)

D.   medullary sponge kidney

E.   myeloma kidney